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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 12:11:45 GMT -6
For those of you unfamiliar with this software, its a ship design application produced many years ago. I enjoy it and have learned much about the construction and tradeoffs in the design of warships. It works the best up to 1950's and for battleships and cruisers. You can design destroyers and the like by using the instructions in the readme file with the application. It hasn't been upgraded or updated in years, but is fun for novices like myself. I will post the link to it and to a blog that has numerous design reports from this software and tips.
www.springsharp.com/
dreadnought-cruisers.blogspot.com/
warships1discussionboards.yuku.com/ - The warships1 discussion board has a design ship thread that can be referenced.
Authors and other sources of information about ships and their designs
D.K.Brown Norman Friedman Conway's books on ships Janes Books on ships www.navweaps.com/ - This website is one of the best on ordnance and other weapons along with an excellent technical page with numerous articles on ships, designs and other subjects pertinent to navies.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:53:29 GMT -6
Here is a design that I developed this morning for a 1905 British battlecruiser. Certain limitations are due to the year, 13.5 inch guns were not entirely available. She is heavier than I wanted but with armor and guns, hull strength had to be adjusted by the program. A good sea boat was a must so beam and length had to be adjusted accordingly.
Battlecruiser, Great Britain battlecruiser laid down 1905
Displacement: 33,612 t light; 35,131 t standard; 41,082 t normal; 45,843 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (800.00 ft / 800.00 ft) x 89.00 ft x (35.00 / 38.27 ft) (243.84 m / 243.84 m) x 27.13 m x (10.67 / 11.66 m)
Armament: 8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 50.0 cal guns - 914.66lbs / 414.88kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model 4 x 2 row twin mounts on centreline, evenly spread 2 raised mounts 12 - 5.50" / 140 mm 50.0 cal guns - 88.07lbs / 39.95kg shells, 150 per gun Quick firing guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model 6 x Single mounts on sides, aft deck forward Weight of broadside 8,374 lbs / 3,798 kg
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 466.80 ft / 142.28 m 10.73 ft / 3.27 m Ends: Unarmoured Main Belt covers 90 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces Main Belt inclined -10.00 degrees (positive = in)
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 10.0" / 254 mm 10.0" / 254 mm 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: For and Aft decks: 3.00" / 76 mm Forecastle: 4.00" / 102 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 4.00" / 102 mm, Aft 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 6 shafts, 145,237 shp / 108,347 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 18.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 10,712 tons
Complement: 1,442 - 1,875
Cost: £3.587 million / $14.348 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,113 tons, 5.1 % - Guns: 2,113 tons, 5.1 % Armour: 7,002 tons, 17.0 % - Belts: 1,277 tons, 3.1 % - Armament: 2,552 tons, 6.2 % - Armour Deck: 2,968 tons, 7.2 % - Conning Towers: 205 tons, 0.5 % Machinery: 11,003 tons, 26.8 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,494 tons, 32.8 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 7,470 tons, 18.2 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 40,461 lbs / 18,353 Kg = 46.8 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 2.5 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.07 Metacentric height 4.7 ft / 1.4 m Roll period: 17.2 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.12 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00
Hull form characteristics: Hull has rise forward of midbreak, a ram bow and a round stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.577 / 0.589 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.99 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 28.28 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 50 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -3.00 degrees Stern overhang: -2.00 ft / -0.61 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 25.00 %, 41.00 ft / 12.50 m, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 36.00 ft / 10.97 m, 33.00 ft / 10.06 m - Aft deck: 30.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Average freeboard: 34.25 ft / 10.44 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106.6 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 223.8 % Waterplane Area: 50,965 Square feet or 4,735 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 110 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 161 lbs/sq ft or 785 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.91 - Longitudinal: 2.17 - Overall: 1.00 Adequate machinery, storage, compartmentation space Excellent accommodation and workspace room Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:54:48 GMT -6
My second design for a British Battlecruiser is now equipped with 13.5 inch guns. We are in the virtual historical mode, so they are developed by this time. She can now do 30 knots but has three shafts, with a lower freeboard so her sea keeping in heavy seas might be less but since she is now developed for the Med, North Sea or the Far East, that is not going to be a problem. She has a torpedo bulge of 14 feet.
Battlecruiser II, Great Britain battlecruiser laid down 1905
Displacement: 35,383 t light; 36,769 t standard; 40,831 t normal; 44,081 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (788.00 ft / 788.00 ft) x 88.00 ft (Bulges 102.00 ft) x (28.00 / 30.17 ft) (240.18 m / 240.18 m) x 26.82 m (Bulges 31.09 m) x (8.53 / 9.20 m)
Armament: 8 - 13.50" / 343 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,240.68lbs / 562.76kg shells, 90 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model 4 x 2 row twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 12 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.92lbs / 49.41kg shells, 100 per gun Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1905 Model 12 x Single mounts on sides amidships Weight of broadside 11,232 lbs / 5,095 kg
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 512.20 ft / 156.12 m 11.26 ft / 3.43 m Ends: Unarmoured Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Hull Bulges: 8.00" / 203 mm 512.00 ft / 156.06 m 11.00 ft / 3.35 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 6.00" / 152 mm 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - -
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 5.00" / 127 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 2.00" / 51 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 3 shafts, 153,485 shp / 114,500 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 7,312 tons
Complement: 1,436 - 1,867
Cost: £3.854 million / $15.415 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,284 tons, 5.6 % Armour: 8,135 tons, 19.9 % - Belts: 1,931 tons, 4.7 % - Bulges: 1,667 tons, 4.1 % - Armament: 1,361 tons, 3.3 % - Armour Deck: 3,124 tons, 7.7 % - Conning Tower: 51 tons, 0.1 % Machinery: 11,628 tons, 28.5 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,336 tons, 32.7 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 5,448 tons, 13.3 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 39,571 lbs / 17,949 Kg = 32.2 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 2.7 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.39 Metacentric height 7.4 ft / 2.3 m Roll period: 15.8 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 83 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.54 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.67
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a ram bow and a round stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.635 / 0.636 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.73 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 28.07 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20.00 %, 32.00 ft / 9.75 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m - Forward deck: 20.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m - Aft deck: 45.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m, 31.00 ft / 9.45 m - Average freeboard: 31.08 ft / 9.47 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 114.1 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 215.4 % Waterplane Area: 52,393 Square feet or 4,868 Square meters Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 100 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 168 lbs./sq. ft. or 819 Kg/sq meter Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.95 - Longitudinal: 1.59 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent sea boat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
Further research on Navweaps site, shows that the 13.5 inch ordnance was developed in 1909, so we are not pushing the envelope on her deployment that much. Also, I don't normally use casemate 2nd batteries because they are usually worthless in medium to heavy seas and at high speed, so 2nd batteries are on the main deck in single turrets. I also do not install torpedo tubes. This is senseless on a battlecruiser.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:55:59 GMT -6
Here is my version of the pocket battleships or armored cruiser for GB circa 1906. She has torpedoes, 4 x 12 inch guns, 10 x 4 in and will do about 30knots with a range of about 6000 miles. She is a good ship for the Mediterranean Sea area possibly the Indian Ocean against sea raiders.
Armored Cruiser Great Britain cruiser laid down 1906
Displacement: 17,123 t light; 17,715 t standard; 21,814 t normal; 25,093 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (670.92 ft / 660.00 ft) x 75.00 ft (Bulges 80.00 ft) x (20.00 / 22.83 ft) (204.50 m / 201.17 m) x 22.86 m (Bulges 24.38 m) x (6.10 / 6.96 m)
Armament: 4 - 12.00" / 305 mm 45.0 cal guns - 871.37lbs / 395.25kg shells, 70 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model 2 x 2 row twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 10 - 4.00" / 102 mm 40.0 cal guns - 30.67lbs / 13.91kg shells, 100 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model 10 x Single mounts on sides amidships Weight of broadside 3,792 lbs / 1,720 kg 8 - 12.0" / 305 mm, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m torpedoes - 0.454 t each, 3.632 t total In 2 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 363.00 ft / 110.64 m 10.39 ft / 3.17 m Ends: 2.00" / 51 mm 296.98 ft / 90.52 m 10.39 ft / 3.17 m Main Belt covers 85 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm - 4.00" / 102 mm 2nd: 0.25" / 6 mm 0.25" / 6 mm 0.25" / 6 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 0.50" / 13 mm For and Aft decks Forecastle: 0.50" / 13 mm Quarter deck: 0.50" / 13 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 1.00" / 25 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 116,046 shp / 86,570 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 18.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 7,378 tons
Complement: 896 - 1,166
Cost: £2.006 million / $8.024 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 846 tons, 3.9 % - Guns: 842 tons, 3.9 % - Torpedoes: 4 tons, 0.0 % Armour: 1,589 tons, 7.3 % - Belts: 886 tons, 4.1 % - Armament: 309 tons, 1.4 % - Armour Deck: 377 tons, 1.7 % - Conning Tower: 17 tons, 0.1 % Machinery: 7,535 tons, 34.5 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 7,152 tons, 32.8 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,691 tons, 21.5 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 20,092 lbs / 9,113 Kg = 23.3 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 1.7 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.59 Metacentric height 7.1 ft / 2.2 m Roll period: 12.6 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 51 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.26 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.13
Hull form characteristics: Hull has low quarterdeck , a normal bow and a cruiser stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.723 / 0.728 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.25 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 25.69 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 57 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 45 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 30.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Aft deck: 25.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m - Average freeboard: 24.55 ft / 7.48 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 126.2 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 214.3 % Waterplane Area: 40,492 Square feet or 3,762 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 109 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 127 lbs/sq ft or 621 Kg/sq meter Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.98 - Longitudinal: 1.21 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:56:59 GMT -6
Here is a second cruiser design, now designed as a heavy cruiser 1906. she is designed for 30 knots, and has 8 x 6in/50 guns. Maximum displacement is 20,527 tons.
Heavy Cruiser , Great Britain cruiser laid down 1906
Displacement: 13,874 t light; 14,301 t standard; 17,760 t normal; 20,527 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (710.92 ft. / 700.00 ft.) x 70.00 ft. (Bulges 80.00 ft.) x (20.00 / 22.82 ft.) (216.69 m / 213.36 m) x 21.34 m (Bulges 24.38 m) x (6.10 / 6.96 m)
Armament: 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm 50.0 cal guns - 114.33lbs / 51.86kg shells, 100 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model 4 x 2 row twin mounts on centerline ends, evenly spread 2 raised mounts - superfiring 10 - 4.00" / 102 mm 40.0 cal guns - 30.67lbs / 13.91kg shells, 100 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1906 Model 10 x Single mounts on sides amidships Weight of broadside 1,221 lbs / 554 kg 8 - 12.0" / 305 mm, 21.00 ft / 6.40 m torpedoes - 0.454 t each, 3.632 t total In 2 sets of deck mounted carriage/fixed tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 330.00 ft / 100.58 m 10.04 ft / 3.06 m Ends: 2.00" / 51 mm 269.98 ft / 82.29 m 10.04 ft / 3.06 m 100.02 ft / 30.49 m Unarmoured ends Main Belt covers 73 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm - 4.00" / 102 mm 2nd: 0.25" / 6 mm 0.25" / 6 mm 0.25" / 6 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 0.50" / 13 mm For and Aft decks Forecastle: 0.50" / 13 mm Quarter deck: 0.50" / 13 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 1.00" / 25 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 91,886 shp / 68,547 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 18.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 6,226 tons
Complement: 768 - 999
Cost: £1.443 million / $5.773 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 374 tons, 2.1 % - Guns: 371 tons, 2.1 % - Torpedoes: 4 tons, 0.0 % Armour: 1,431 tons, 8.1 % - Belts: 777 tons, 4.4 % - Armament: 319 tons, 1.8 % - Armour Deck: 320 tons, 1.8 % - Conning Tower: 15 tons, 0.1 % Machinery: 5,967 tons, 33.6 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 6,103 tons, 34.4 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,886 tons, 21.9 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 19,486 lbs / 8,839 Kg = 180.4 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.9 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.51 Metacentric height 5.9 ft / 1.8 m Roll period: 13.8 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 76 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.13 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.52
Hull form characteristics: Hull has low quarterdeck , a normal bow and a cruiser stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.555 / 0.562 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.75 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 26.46 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 30.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Aft deck: 25.00 %, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m, 25.00 ft / 7.62 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m, 18.00 ft / 5.49 m - Average freeboard: 24.55 ft / 7.48 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 115.3 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 212.0 % Waterplane Area: 34,357 Square feet or 3,192 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 122 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 113 lbs/sq ft or 552 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.98 - Longitudinal: 1.17 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:58:12 GMT -6
Alaska, United States battlecruiser laid down 1940
Displacement: 27,488 t light; 28,843 t standard; 31,745 t normal; 34,066 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (732.56 ft / 718.00 ft) x 80.00 ft x (29.00 / 30.82 ft) (223.28 m / 218.85 m) x 24.38 m x (8.84 / 9.39 m)
Armament: 8 - 12.00" / 305 mm 50.0 cal guns - 914.66lbs / 414.88kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1940 Model 4 x 2 row twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 2 raised mounts - superfiring Main guns limited to end-on fire 16 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 59.33lbs / 26.91kg shells, 200 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1940 Model 8 x 2 row twin mounts on sides, evenly spread 16 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 300 per gun Breech loading guns in deck mounts, 1940 Model 8 x 2 row twin mounts on sides, evenly spread Weight of broadside 8,298 lbs / 3,764 kg
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 6.00" / 152 mm 448.50 ft / 136.70 m 10.73 ft / 3.27 m Ends: 2.00" / 51 mm 241.48 ft / 73.60 m 10.73 ft / 3.27 m 28.02 ft / 8.54 m Unarmoured ends Upper: 2.00" / 51 mm 448.50 ft / 136.70 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 96 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead: 4.00" / 102 mm 448.50 ft / 136.70 m 28.31 ft / 8.63 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 4.00" / 102 mm 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 3.00" / 76 mm For and Aft decks Forecastle: 3.00" / 76 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 2.00" / 51 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 6 shafts, 251,503 shp / 187,621 Kw = 35.00 kts Range 8,000nm at 18.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 5,222 tons
Complement: 1,188 - 1,545
Cost: £16.445 million / $65.779 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,015 tons, 6.3 % Armour: 7,297 tons, 23.0 % - Belts: 1,717 tons, 5.4 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,879 tons, 5.9 % - Armament: 1,157 tons, 3.6 % - Armour Deck: 2,500 tons, 7.9 % - Conning Tower: 43 tons, 0.1 % Machinery: 6,725 tons, 21.2 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 11,451 tons, 36.1 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,257 tons, 13.4 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 41,605 lbs / 18,872 Kg = 48.2 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 4.9 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.04 Metacentric height 3.9 ft / 1.2 m Roll period: 17.0 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 72 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.38 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.43
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a normal bow and a cruiser stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.667 / 0.674 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.98 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 26.80 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 63 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 50 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20.00 %, 40.00 ft / 12.19 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Aft deck: 35.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Average freeboard: 35.40 ft / 10.79 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 124.7 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 250.8 % Waterplane Area: 44,691 Square feet or 4,152 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 111 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 150 lbs/sq ft or 734 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.88 - Longitudinal: 3.07 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
This is my version of the Alaska class. She is faster by 2 knots and should be a good sea boat
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 15:59:04 GMT -6
Final Alaska Design - Speed reduced to 33 knots max, but cruising speed increased to 21 knots. Range decreased to 9000 miles. I lengthened the hull by 2 feet and increased the draft to improve stability and seakeeping for her Pacific operations. Main guns are now 3 x triple turret mounted 12 inch guns, all other weapons the same with tertiary weapons added. I feel this is a much better product.
USS Alaska, USA Battlecruiser laid down 1941
Displacement: 33,517 t light; 35,248 t standard; 40,477 t normal; 44,660 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (827.44 ft / 810.00 ft) x 91.10 ft (Bulges 100.00 ft) x (33.00 / 35.90 ft) (252.20 m / 246.89 m) x 27.77 m (Bulges 30.48 m) x (10.06 / 10.94 m)
Armament: 9 - 12.00" / 305 mm 49.7 cal guns - 1,140.00lbs / 517.10kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1941 Model 3 x 3-gun mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 1 raised mount - superfiring 12 - 5.00" / 127 mm 38.0 cal guns - 55.00lbs / 24.95kg shells, 150 per gun Dual purpose guns in deck and hoist mounts, 1941 Model 6 x 2-gun mounts on sides, evenly spread 6 raised mounts 56 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 2.14lbs / 0.97kg shells, 150 per gun Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1941 Model 14 x 4-gun mounts on centreline, evenly spread 34 - 0.79" / 20.0 mm 60.0 cal guns - 0.27lbs / 0.12kg shells, 150 per gun Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1941 Model 34 x Single mounts on centreline, evenly spread Weight of broadside 11,049 lbs / 5,012 kg
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 9.00" / 229 mm 448.00 ft / 136.55 m 11.45 ft / 3.49 m Ends: 4.00" / 102 mm 351.98 ft / 107.28 m 11.45 ft / 3.49 m 10.02 ft / 3.05 m Unarmoured ends Upper: 4.00" / 102 mm 448.00 ft / 136.55 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 85 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead: 2.00" / 51 mm 448.00 ft / 136.55 m 27.83 ft / 8.48 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 8.00" / 203 mm 10.0" / 254 mm 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm - 3rd: 0.50" / 13 mm - - 4th: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
- Armoured deck - multiple decks: 6.03" / 153 mm For and Aft decks Forecastle: 6.00" / 152 mm Quarter deck: 3.00" / 76 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 1.00" / 25 mm, Aft 0.00" / 0 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 4 shafts, 208,173 shp / 155,297 Kw = 33.00 kts Range 9,000nm at 21.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 9,412 tons
Complement: 1,426 - 1,854
Cost: £17.677 million / $70.709 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,201 tons, 5.4 % Armour: 11,449 tons, 28.3 % - Belts: 3,189 tons, 7.9 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 923 tons, 2.3 % - Armament: 2,093 tons, 5.2 % - Armour Deck: 5,219 tons, 12.9 % - Conning Tower: 25 tons, 0.1 % Machinery: 5,501 tons, 13.6 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 14,267 tons, 35.2 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,959 tons, 17.2 % Miscellaneous weights: 100 tons, 0.2 % - Hull below water: 100 tons
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 65,539 lbs / 29,728 Kg = 75.9 x 12.0 " / 305 mm shells or 9.4 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.08 Metacentric height 5.1 ft / 1.5 m Roll period: 18.7 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 81 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.77 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.34
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a normal bow and a cruiser stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.530 / 0.538 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.10 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 28.46 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 22.00 degrees Stern overhang: 3.30 ft / 1.01 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 22.00 %, 35.00 ft / 10.67 m, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m - Forward deck: 18.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m - Aft deck: 38.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m - Quarter deck: 22.00 %, 30.00 ft / 9.14 m, 29.00 ft / 8.84 m - Average freeboard: 30.33 ft / 9.24 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 85.3 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 202.4 % Waterplane Area: 50,544 Square feet or 4,696 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 129 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 183 lbs/sq ft or 894 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.95 - Longitudinal: 1.64 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
Additional Text
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Post by oldpop2000 on Aug 13, 2014 17:48:55 GMT -6
Here is a simple list of free books from Google Books on Naval Engineering from the early part of the 20th century. They are in PDF format. Copyright has expired on these books. These books are the manuals and technical documents from which the ships of the 1900's were designed by and the Naval architects of the WWII ships used in school.
Ship_form__resistance_and_screw_propulsion.pdf
The_Marine_Steam_Turbine.pdf
NavalShipDesign.pdf
Modern_marine_engineering____.pdf
Applied_naval_architecture.pdf
Marine_Engineers__Handbook.pdf
Theoretical_naval_architecture.pdf
A_Pocket_book_of_Marine_Engineering_Rule.pdf
A_manual_of_marine_engineering.pdf
Electric_Ship_Propulsion.pdf
War_ships.pdf
International_marine_engineering.pdf
Marine_and_Naval_Boilers.pdf
The_Naval_Constructor.pdf
BasicShipsPropulsion.pdf
The_Speed_and_Power_of_Ships.pdf
Practical_marine_engineering_for_marine_.pdf
Structural_design_of_warships.pdf
Thermodynamics_of_the_Steam_Turbine.pdf
Present_day_Shipbuilding.pdf
Naval_Architecture.pdf
Naval_architect_s___shipbuilder_s_pocket.pdf
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Post by oldpop2000 on Oct 1, 2019 11:08:12 GMT -6
An update to the formula for freeboard, according to D.K. Brown, use 1.3 times the square root of the length.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Oct 10, 2019 22:40:26 GMT -6
Now this is a battleship Hamlet, Great Britain Battleship laid down 1930 Displacement: 67,284 t light; 72,075 t standard; 76,937 t normal; 80,827 t full load Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (1,032.66 ft / 1,000.00 ft) x 120.00 ft x (40.00 / 41.55 ft) (314.76 m / 304.80 m) x 36.58 m x (12.19 / 12.66 m) Armament: 9 - 20.00" / 508 mm 50.0 cal guns - 4,234.56lbs / 1,920.76kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1930 Model 3 x 3-gun mounts on centreline, evenly spread 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.92lbs / 49.41kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1930 Model 4 x 2 row twin mounts on sides, evenly spread 20 - 1.57" / 40.0 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1.97lbs / 0.89kg shells, 150 per gun Anti-air guns in deck mounts, 1930 Model 10 x 2 row twin mounts on sides, evenly spread Weight of broadside 39,022 lbs / 17,700 kg Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 14.0" / 356 mm 650.00 ft / 198.12 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Ends: 8.00" / 203 mm 349.98 ft / 106.67 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 650.00 ft / 198.12 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length Main Belt inclined 10.00 degrees (positive = in) - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 8.00" / 203 mm 12.0" / 305 mm 2nd: 10.0" / 254 mm 8.00" / 203 mm 14.0" / 356 mm - Armoured deck - multiple decks: For and Aft decks: 8.00" / 203 mm Forecastle: 8.00" / 203 mm Quarter deck: 8.00" / 203 mm - Conning towers: Forward 12.00" / 305 mm, Aft 12.00" / 305 mm Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 4 shafts, 178,495 shp / 133,157 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 10,000nm at 15.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 8,753 tons Complement: 2,309 - 3,002 Cost: £29.864 million / $119.454 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 7,791 tons, 10.1 % - Guns: 7,791 tons, 10.1 % Armour: 27,097 tons, 35.2 % - Belts: 8,161 tons, 10.6 % - Armament: 4,854 tons, 6.3 % - Armour Deck: 13,147 tons, 17.1 % - Conning Towers: 935 tons, 1.2 % Machinery: 5,409 tons, 7.0 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 26,987 tons, 35.1 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 9,653 tons, 12.5 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 % Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 103,325 lbs / 46,868 Kg = 25.8 x 20.0 " / 508 mm shells or 5.9 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.18 Metacentric height 8.9 ft / 2.7 m Roll period: 16.9 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 52 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.68 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.29 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, an extended bulbous bow and large transom stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.561 / 0.567 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.33 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 36.36 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 44 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 40 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 20.00 degrees Stern overhang: 20.00 ft / 6.10 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20.00 %, 34.79 ft / 10.60 m, 28.46 ft / 8.67 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 28.46 ft / 8.67 m, 22.14 ft / 6.75 m - Aft deck: 35.00 %, 22.14 ft / 6.75 m, 22.14 ft / 6.75 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 22.14 ft / 6.75 m, 22.14 ft / 6.75 m - Average freeboard: 24.86 ft / 7.58 m Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 71.5 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 171.5 % Waterplane Area: 88,114 Square feet or 8,186 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 101 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 246 lbs/sq ft or 1,200 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.98 - Longitudinal: 1.13 - Overall: 1.00 Excellent machinery, storage, compartmentation space Excellent accommodation and workspace room Good seaboat, rides out heavy weather easily
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Post by oldpop2000 on Oct 13, 2019 13:32:34 GMT -6
Here is my design for a Flower Class Corvette
My design uses diesels, with two screws to improve maneuverability.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Feb 19, 2020 9:23:04 GMT -6
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Post by vonfriedman on Mar 7, 2020 7:47:55 GMT -6
Very interesting. Is your second British battlecruiser design better that the Lion class BCs? They had 9" armor instead of the 8" armor of your BC and yet Queen Mary blew out and Lion came close to suffering the same fate.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 7, 2020 9:56:53 GMT -6
Very interesting. Is your second British battlecruiser design better that the Lion class BCs? They had 9" armor instead of the 8" armor of your BC and yet Queen Mary blew out and Lion came close to suffering the same fate. I used the Lion's as a guide, but wanted a little more speed and range. Her deck armor is thicker but I may increase the conning tower armor.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 7, 2020 11:34:38 GMT -6
Here is an update Battle Cruiser III Design
Battlecruiser III, Great Britain Battle Cruiser laid down 1905
Displacement: 35,191 t light; 36,878 t standard; 39,347 t normal; 41,321 t full load
Dimensions: Length (overall / waterline) x beam x draught (normal/deep) (770.00 ft / 770.00 ft) x 90.00 ft x (32.00 / 33.34 ft) (234.70 m / 234.70 m) x 27.43 m x (9.75 / 10.16 m)
Armament: 8 - 13.50" / 343 mm 45.0 cal guns - 1,240.67lbs / 562.76kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model 4 x Twin mounts on centreline ends, evenly spread 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm 45.0 cal guns - 108.93lbs / 49.41kg shells, 150 per gun Breech loading guns in turret on barbette mounts, 1905 Model 8 x Twin mounts on sides, evenly spread Weight of broadside 10,797 lbs / 4,897 kg Main Torpedoes 4 - 18.0" / 457 mm, 10.00 ft / 3.05 m torpedoes - 0.462 t each, 1.849 t total submerged side tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 500.50 ft / 152.55 m 11.38 ft / 3.47 m Ends: Unarmoured Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 500.50 ft / 152.55 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm - 4.00" / 102 mm 2nd: 1.00" / 25 mm - 1.00" / 25 mm
- Box over machinery: 5.00" / 127 mm Forecastle: 5.00" / 127 mm Quarter deck: 5.00" / 127 mm
- Conning towers: Forward 8.00" / 203 mm, Aft 8.00" / 203 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 146,821 shp / 109,528 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 12.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 4,443 tons
Complement: 1,396 - 1,815
Cost: £3.797 million / $15.188 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 1,907 tons, 4.8 % - Guns: 1,904 tons, 4.8 % - Weapons: 4 tons, 0.0 % Armour: 5,183 tons, 13.2 % - Belts: 2,876 tons, 7.3 % - Armament: 874 tons, 2.2 % - Armour Deck: 1,034 tons, 2.6 % - Conning Towers: 399 tons, 1.0 % Machinery: 11,123 tons, 28.3 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 16,979 tons, 43.2 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,155 tons, 10.6 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 33,795 lbs / 15,329 Kg = 27.5 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 6.5 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.15 Metacentric height 5.5 ft / 1.7 m Roll period: 16.1 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 81 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.92 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.55
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck, a normal bow and a round stern Block coefficient (normal/deep): 0.621 / 0.626 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.56 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 27.75 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 52 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 52 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): -4.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = length of deck as a percentage of waterline length): Fore end, Aft end - Forecastle: 20.00 %, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m - Forward deck: 30.00 %, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m - Aft deck: 35.00 %, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m - Quarter deck: 15.00 %, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m, 30.52 ft / 9.30 m - Average freeboard: 30.52 ft / 9.30 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 115.7 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 215.2 % Waterplane Area: 51,686 Square feet or 4,802 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 106 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 215 lbs/sq ft or 1,049 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 1.25 - Longitudinal: 2.28 - Overall: 1.33 Cramped machinery, storage, compartmentation space Excellent accommodation and workspace room Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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