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Post by vonfriedman on Mar 7, 2020 13:24:29 GMT -6
Fine ship. I hope its appearance is more similar to that of the Tiger than the Lion
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 7, 2020 14:48:20 GMT -6
Fine ship. I hope its appearance is more similar to that of the Tiger than the LionThanks. I was trying to build more of a fast battleship for the timeframe.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 7, 2020 19:29:43 GMT -6
I've decided to use the Springsharp Version 2.1 since it was certified and thoroughly tested. So, here is my first design using this version. I am still reading through the manual and playing with the parameters. I need to learn how to reduce the belt. Be patient.
Battle Cruiser, Great Britain Battle Cruiser laid down 1909
Displacement: 30,029 t light; 31,570 t standard; 33,375 t normal; 34,819 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 782.69 ft / 780.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 32.00 ft (normal load) 238.56 m / 237.74 m x 27.43 m x 9.75 m
Armament: 8 - 13.50" / 343 mm guns (4x2 guns), 1,230.19lbs / 558.00kg shells, 1909 Model Breech loading guns in turrets (on barbettes) on centreline ends, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts - superfiring Main guns limited to end-on fire 16 - 4.00" / 102 mm guns (1x16 guns), 32.00lbs / 14.51kg shells, 1909 Model Breech loading guns in deck mount on side amidships Weight of broadside 10,354 lbs / 4,696 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 8.56" / 217 mm 507.00 ft / 154.53 m 11.38 ft / 3.47 m Ends: Unarmoured Upper: 3.00" / 76 mm 507.00 ft / 154.53 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead: 3.00" / 76 mm 507.00 ft / 154.53 m 30.60 ft / 9.33 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 4.00" / 102 mm - 5.00" / 127 mm
- Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 10.00" / 254 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 126,961 shp / 94,713 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 12.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 3,249 tons
Complement: 1,234 - 1,605
Cost: £2.946 million / $11.784 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 1,294 tons, 3.9 % Armour: 9,329 tons, 28.0 % - Belts: 2,601 tons, 7.8 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,722 tons, 5.2 % - Armament: 1,258 tons, 3.8 % - Armour Deck: 3,525 tons, 10.6 % - Conning Tower: 223 tons, 0.7 % Machinery: 5,771 tons, 17.3 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 13,635 tons, 40.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,346 tons, 10.0 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 42,512 lbs / 19,283 Kg = 34.6 x 13.5 " / 343 mm shells or 5.6 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.00 Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m Roll period: 18.3 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 100 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.45 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.75
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.520 Length to Beam Ratio: 8.67 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 27.93 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 61 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees Stern overhang: 0.00 ft / 0.00 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 30.72 ft / 9.36 m - Forecastle (20 %): 30.72 ft / 9.36 m - Mid (50 %): 30.72 ft / 9.36 m - Quarterdeck (15 %): 30.72 ft / 9.36 m - Stern: 30.72 ft / 9.36 m - Average freeboard: 30.72 ft / 9.36 m Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 113.5 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 225.9 % Waterplane Area: 47,640 Square feet or 4,426 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 107 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 174 lbs/sq ft or 849 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.94 - Longitudinal: 1.88 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is cramped Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 7, 2020 21:19:32 GMT -6
I have figured out how to change this parameter. (highlighted below ) I have to change the actual length of the main belt, upper and ends with a length parameter and change the % of Quarterdeck and the forecastle. I now have to go into my warship construction books in my collection to research this. Pray for me, ich.
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 8.50" / 216 mm 500.50 ft / 152.55 m 11.38 ft / 3.47 m Ends: Unarmoured Upper: 5.00" / 127 mm 500.50 ft / 152.55 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
Update: I did my research and here is my mod for the above. Remember this is 1909, it makes a difference
Armour:
- Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg)
Main: 8.56" / 217 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 11.38 ft / 3.47 m
Ends: 3.00" / 76 mm 380.00 ft / 115.82 m 11.38 ft / 3.47 m
Upper: 3.00" / 76 mm 400.00 ft / 121.92 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m
Main Belt covers 79 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 15:25:08 GMT -6
Wow, I am glad I never became a naval architect, besides my complex math skills, its real hard. But now I finally got my completed US Battleship. Its a 1919 era battleship. Remember this US warship might have to go through the Panama Canal, and in 1919 the limitation was 90 feet. It makes it interesting. Enjoy
USS Maine, USA battleship laid down 1919
Displacement: 36,047 t light; 38,313 t standard; 40,493 t normal; 42,237 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 635.85 ft / 630.00 ft x 90.00 ft (Bulges 95.00 ft) x 32.00 ft (normal load) 193.81 m / 192.02 m x 27.43 m (Bulges 28.96 m) x 9.75 m
Armament: 12 - 14.00" / 356 mm guns (4x3 guns), 1,372.00lbs / 622.33kg shells, 1919 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on centreline, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts Main guns limited to end-on fire Aft Main mounts separated by engine room 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1919 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on side, all amidships Weight of broadside 17,328 lbs / 7,860 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 409.50 ft / 124.82 m 11.06 ft / 3.37 m Ends: Unarmoured Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 409.50 ft / 124.82 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm - 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm - -
- Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 2 shafts, 115,250 shp / 85,976 Kw = 27.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 3,924 tons
Complement: 1,426 - 1,855
Cost: £7.972 million / $31.890 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,166 tons, 5.3 % Armour: 14,186 tons, 35.0 % - Belts: 3,231 tons, 8.0 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 % - Armament: 6,397 tons, 15.8 % - Armour Deck: 4,355 tons, 10.8 % - Conning Tower: 203 tons, 0.5 % Machinery: 4,093 tons, 10.1 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,602 tons, 38.5 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,446 tons, 11.0 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 55,310 lbs / 25,088 Kg = 40.3 x 14.0 " / 356 mm shells or 3.8 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.01 Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m Roll period: 19.2 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 40 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.28 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.09
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.740 Length to Beam Ratio: 6.63 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 25.10 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 58 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 29 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 32.60 ft / 9.94 m - Forecastle (18 %): 32.60 ft / 9.94 m - Mid (50 %): 32.60 ft / 9.94 m - Quarterdeck (18 %): 32.60 ft / 9.94 m - Stern: 32.60 ft / 9.94 m - Average freeboard: 32.60 ft / 9.94 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 76.5 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 205.0 % Waterplane Area: 47,077 Square feet or 4,374 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 205 lbs/sq ft or 1,002 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.89 - Longitudinal: 2.74 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is excellent Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 15:32:38 GMT -6
The General Board has stated that they want the USS Maine redesigned for 30 knots. Ich. Well, let's go after length to beam to see if we can get more speed.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 16:21:12 GMT -6
Well, we have accomplished our purpose, we have achieved 30 knots, with a range of 6000 miles at 15 knots. So how? 1. Increase propellers to four. Dah!! 2. Increase the Length to get a length to beam increase to 7.89 to 1 3. Increase freeboard to 35 feet 4. Decrease the armor width to 10 inches and decrease the length to 385 feet for all belts. I hope the guys in the General Board are happy. Now its Miller time. USS Maine, USA battleship laid down 1919 Displacement: 41,407 t light; 43,786 t standard; 46,154 t normal; 48,049 t full load Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 716.06 ft / 710.00 ft x 90.00 ft x 32.00 ft (normal load) 218.26 m / 216.41 m x 27.43 m x 9.75 m Armament: 12 - 14.00" / 356 mm guns (4x3 guns), 1,372.00lbs / 622.33kg shells, 1919 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on centreline, evenly spread, 2 raised mounts Main guns limited to end-on fire Aft Main mounts separated by engine room 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1919 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on side, all amidships Weight of broadside 17,328 lbs / 7,860 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 4 - 18.0" / 457.2 mm submerged torpedo tubes Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 10.0" / 254 mm 385.99 ft / 117.65 m 11.06 ft / 3.37 m Ends: Unarmoured Upper: 6.00" / 152 mm 385.99 ft / 117.65 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 84 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 6.00" / 152 mm - 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm - - - Armour deck: 5.00" / 127 mm, Conning tower: 8.00" / 203 mm Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 180,885 shp / 134,940 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 4,263 tons Complement: 1,573 - 2,046 Cost: £9.094 million / $36.375 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 2,166 tons, 4.7 % Armour: 14,922 tons, 32.3 % - Belts: 2,730 tons, 5.9 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 % - Armament: 6,847 tons, 14.8 % - Armour Deck: 5,122 tons, 11.1 % - Conning Tower: 222 tons, 0.5 % Machinery: 6,423 tons, 13.9 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 17,896 tons, 38.8 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 4,747 tons, 10.3 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 % Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 60,609 lbs / 27,492 Kg = 44.2 x 14.0 " / 356 mm shells or 3.5 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.00 Metacentric height 4.3 ft / 1.3 m Roll period: 18.3 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 37 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.54 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.00 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.790 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.89 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 26.65 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 59 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 28 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 5.00 degrees Stern overhang: 3.00 ft / 0.91 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Forecastle (20 %): 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Mid (50 %): 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Quarterdeck (20 %): 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Stern: 35.00 ft / 10.67 m - Average freeboard: 35.00 ft / 10.67 m Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 83.7 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 234.7 % Waterplane Area: 55,376 Square feet or 5,145 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 102 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 198 lbs/sq ft or 967 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.90 - Longitudinal: 2.53 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 16:34:13 GMT -6
The General Board is happy with my design and now wants a super battleship. The battleship does not have to be able to go through the Panama Canal. It will be built in the Bremerton or Long Beach shipyards and stationed in Pearl Harbor. They will have to increase the depth of water and build a new pier. Not my problem.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 17:24:53 GMT -6
The General Board has seen this preliminary estimate based on their specifications and approved it. Bless their pea-pickin hearts. Man, you don't want to meet this ship on a dark night, ich!
USS New Hampshire, USA Super Battleship laid down 1922
Displacement: 60,255 t light; 64,713 t standard; 66,619 t normal; 68,143 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 933.34 ft / 920.00 ft x 120.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load) 284.48 m / 280.42 m x 36.58 m x 10.06 m
Armament: 12 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns in one mount, 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1922 Model Breech loading guns in deck mount on centreline forward, 6 raised guns 20 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2 mounts), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1922 Model Breech loading guns in deck mounts on side, all amidships, 12 raised guns - superfiring Weight of broadside 37,152 lbs / 16,852 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Ends: 8.00" / 203 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead: 6.00" / 152 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 30.29 ft / 9.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 4.00" / 102 mm - 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm -
- Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 4 shafts, 196,927 shp / 146,907 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 12.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 3,430 tons
Complement: 2,072 - 2,695
Cost: £18.941 million / $75.764 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 4,644 tons, 7.0 % Armour: 24,614 tons, 36.9 % - Belts: 7,031 tons, 10.6 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,169 tons, 6.3 % - Armament: 586 tons, 0.9 % - Armour Deck: 12,402 tons, 18.6 % - Conning Tower: 425 tons, 0.6 % Machinery: 6,680 tons, 10.0 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 24,317 tons, 36.5 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,364 tons, 9.6 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 111,718 lbs / 50,674 Kg = 38.3 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 16.0 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.51 Metacentric height 13.2 ft / 4.0 m Roll period: 13.8 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 58 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.95
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.640 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.67 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 30.33 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 30 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 8.00 degrees Stern overhang: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Forecastle (49 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Mid (50 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Quarterdeck (49 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Stern: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Average freeboard: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 103.9 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 292.7 % Waterplane Area: 83,799 Square feet or 7,785 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 89 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 197 lbs/sq ft or 964 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.94 - Longitudinal: 1.72 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 17:41:13 GMT -6
Someone in the General Board from Vermont (of course) wanted an alternative design to the New Hampshire. He likes the Rodney, so OK here it is.
USS Vermont, USA Super Battleship laid down 1922
Displacement: 60,454 t light; 64,917 t standard; 66,827 t normal; 68,355 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 933.34 ft / 920.00 ft x 120.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load) 284.48 m / 280.42 m x 36.58 m x 10.06 m
Armament: 12 - 18.00" / 457 mm guns in one mount, 2,916.00lbs / 1,322.68kg shells, 1922 Model Breech loading guns in deck mount on centreline forward, 6 raised guns - superfiring 20 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns (2 mounts), 108.00lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1922 Model Breech loading guns in deck mounts on side, all amidships, 12 raised guns - superfiring Weight of broadside 37,152 lbs / 16,852 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 12.0" / 305 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Ends: 8.00" / 203 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Upper: 8.00" / 203 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces
- Torpedo Bulkhead: 6.00" / 152 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 30.29 ft / 9.23 m
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 8.00" / 203 mm 4.00" / 102 mm - 2nd: 2.00" / 51 mm 2.00" / 51 mm -
- Armour deck: 8.00" / 203 mm, Conning tower: 12.00" / 305 mm
Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 4 shafts, 197,460 shp / 147,305 Kw = 30.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 12.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 3,438 tons
Complement: 2,077 - 2,701
Cost: £18.967 million / $75.868 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 4,644 tons, 6.9 % Armour: 24,646 tons, 36.9 % - Belts: 7,040 tons, 10.5 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 4,169 tons, 6.2 % - Armament: 586 tons, 0.9 % - Armour Deck: 12,425 tons, 18.6 % - Conning Tower: 426 tons, 0.6 % Machinery: 6,698 tons, 10.0 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 24,466 tons, 36.6 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 6,372 tons, 9.5 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 112,216 lbs / 50,900 Kg = 38.5 x 18.0 " / 457 mm shells or 16.1 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.51 Metacentric height 13.2 ft / 4.0 m Roll period: 13.9 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 57 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.51 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.90
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.642 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.67 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 30.33 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 49 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 30 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 8.00 degrees Stern overhang: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Forecastle (49 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Mid (50 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Quarterdeck (49 %): 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Stern: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m - Average freeboard: 38.00 ft / 11.58 m
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 103.7 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 292.6 % Waterplane Area: 83,954 Square feet or 7,800 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 89 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 198 lbs/sq ft or 968 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.95 - Longitudinal: 1.64 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 8, 2020 19:24:59 GMT -6
The General Board needs to find something to do, besides requesting more ship designs from my team. Now they want a fleet carrier designed from the USS New Hampshire. OK, here it is. Eat your heart out Japan. USS Kearsarge, USA Fleet Carrier laid down 1922 Displacement: 42,612 t light; 43,570 t standard; 45,800 t normal; 47,584 t full load Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 932.50 ft / 920.00 ft x 120.00 ft x 33.00 ft (normal load) 284.23 m / 280.42 m x 36.58 m x 10.06 m Armament: 8 - 5.00" / 127 mm guns (4x2 guns), 62.50lbs / 28.35kg shells, 1922 Model Breech loading guns in deck mounts with hoists on side, evenly spread Aft Main mounts separated by engine room Weight of broadside 500 lbs / 227 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Ends: 2.00" / 51 mm 300.00 ft / 91.44 m 13.15 ft / 4.01 m Upper: 2.00" / 51 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 104 % of normal length Main belt does not fully cover magazines and engineering spaces - Torpedo Bulkhead: 2.00" / 51 mm 620.00 ft / 188.98 m 30.29 ft / 9.23 m - Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 1.00" / 25 mm 1.00" / 25 mm - - Armour deck: 4.00" / 102 mm, Conning tower: 6.00" / 152 mm Machinery: Oil fired boilers, steam turbines, Geared drive, 4 shafts, 261,994 shp / 195,448 Kw = 35.00 kts Range 6,000nm at 15.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 4,014 tons Complement: 1,564 - 2,034 Cost: £7.604 million / $30.416 million Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 63 tons, 0.1 % Armour: 8,155 tons, 17.8 % - Belts: 1,403 tons, 3.1 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 1,390 tons, 3.0 % - Armament: 28 tons, 0.1 % - Armour Deck: 5,170 tons, 11.3 % - Conning Tower: 165 tons, 0.4 % Machinery: 8,887 tons, 19.4 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 15,508 tons, 33.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 3,188 tons, 7.0 % Miscellaneous weights: 10,000 tons, 21.8 % Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 70,280 lbs / 31,879 Kg = 1,124.5 x 5.0 " / 127 mm shells or 9.2 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.29 Metacentric height 10.4 ft / 3.2 m Roll period: 15.7 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 55 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.01 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 1.58 Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.440 Length to Beam Ratio: 7.67 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 30.33 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 51 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 35 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 8.00 degrees Stern overhang: 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Forecastle (49 %): 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Mid (50 %): 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Quarterdeck (49 %): 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Stern: 32.00 ft / 9.75 m - Average freeboard: 32.00 ft / 9.75 m Ship tends to be wet forward Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 106.0 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 272.3 % Waterplane Area: 69,859 Square feet or 6,490 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 126 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 152 lbs/sq ft or 741 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.96 - Longitudinal: 1.40 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather Air Wing is 100 aircraft
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 11, 2020 7:08:31 GMT -6
Here are some stats on Distribution of weights at normal displacement for a ship. I've documented the change from coal fired to oil fired and examined the changes.
Coal Fired
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 579 tons, 5.6 % - Guns: 579 tons, 5.6 % Armour: 1,514 tons, 14.6 % - Belts: 781 tons, 7.5 % - Armament: 130 tons, 1.2 % - Armour Deck: 584 tons, 5.6 % - Conning Towers: 20 tons, 0.2 % Machinery: 2,554 tons, 24.6 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,656 tons, 44.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,072 tons, 10.3 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Oil Fired
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 579 tons, 5.6 % - Guns: 579 tons, 5.6 % Armour: 1,514 tons, 14.6 % - Belts: 781 tons, 7.5 % - Armament: 130 tons, 1.2 % - Armour Deck: 584 tons, 5.6 % - Conning Towers: 20 tons, 0.2 % Machinery: 2,322 tons, 22.4 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,071 tons, 48.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 889 tons, 8.6 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Coal Fired
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 579 tons, 5.6 % - Guns: 579 tons, 5.6 % Armour: 1,514 tons, 14.6 % - Belts: 781 tons, 7.5 % - Armament: 130 tons, 1.2 % - Armour Deck: 584 tons, 5.6 % - Conning Towers: 20 tons, 0.2 % Machinery: 2,554 tons, 24.6 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 4,656 tons, 44.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 1,072 tons, 10.3 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Oil Fired
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 579 tons, 5.6 % - Guns: 579 tons, 5.6 % Armour: 1,514 tons, 14.6 % - Belts: 781 tons, 7.5 % - Armament: 130 tons, 1.2 % - Armour Deck: 584 tons, 5.6 % - Conning Towers: 20 tons, 0.2 % Machinery: 2,322 tons, 22.4 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 5,071 tons, 48.9 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 889 tons, 8.6 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Machinery weight went down for oil fired, but hull fittings went up. Fuel, ammunition & stores went down. This last one makes sense since coal is heavier than oil. The hull weight went up and I think it is because traverse bulkheads have to be installed to compensate for the loss of those bulkheads in the coal bunkers which is a structural member of the hull. Interesting. More research is needed.
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 12, 2020 22:34:54 GMT -6
I've been doing some studying of the history and design of cruisers. Right now I am getting into the evolution of the light cruiser. The term "cruiser" started out as a mission, not a type of ship. By the late 19th century, a type of ship had evolved in many of the naval powers. The ships mission was: Scouting, Destroyer leader when the destroyer evolved, colonial service and trade protection.
It was difficult to design a ship that could do all of those missions. For scouting speed was important to find the enemy then turn around had head back to fleet to report the sightings. The development of wireless telegraphy did eventually provide scouting cruisers the capability of reporting immediately under the proper weather and range limitations. The British after the 1905 Russo-Japanese War and the success the IJN had with the light cruisers especially at Tsushima, began to take the light cruiser seriously. They started build bigger, better armed and faster light cruisers and those designed for colonial service with also given longer ranges. The longer ranges required bigger coal bunkers so these ship were a little bigger. Many of the force admirals eventually suggested that the 4.2 inch guns were just not powerful enough to give the cruisers a chance, so the Admiralty began to replace those smaller guns with 6 inch guns. They also found that the submerged torpedo tubes were not effective at 24.5 knots so the moved them to the main deck. Unfortunately this required the removal of the port and starboard gun turrets to provide the space. It also increased the weight above the waterline which increased the center of gravity which caused metacentric height issues. In many cases, they moved the bridge structure back from the bow on the forecastle and added another 6 inch gun. They also eliminated the compass platform in some cases along with raising the height of the smoke stacks.
One thing that did help these ships was the introduction of steam turbines, both Brown-Curtis and Parsons. This helped reduce the engine room size but also gave the ships better speed. Anyway, as with any ship, requirements changed, which changed the specifications and consequently there were many classes of light cruisers all designed for their specific set of missions. The Japanese after their successes, built many light cruisers. So, in that vain, here is my design for a British Light Cruiser circa 1911 based on the Town class, Falmouth sub-class.
HMS Walney, Great Britain Light Cruiser laid down 1911
Displacement: 4,883 t light; 5,079 t standard; 5,609 t normal; 6,032 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 483.33 ft / 450.00 ft x 48.00 ft x 16.00 ft (normal load) 147.32 m / 137.16 m x 14.63 m x 4.88 m
Armament: 8 - 6.00" / 152 mm guns in single mounts, 108.00 lbs / 48.99kg shells, 1911 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on centreline ends, evenly spread 8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1911 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on side, evenly spread Weight of broadside 972 lbs / 441 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 2 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 292.50 ft / 89.15 m 8.31 ft / 2.53 m Ends: 0.50" / 13 mm 157.48 ft / 48.00 m 8.31 ft / 2.53 m Upper: 2.00" / 51 mm 292.50 ft / 89.15 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 1.00" / 25 mm - - 2nd: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery: Coal fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 25,431 shp / 18,972 Kw = 25.00 kts Range 6,400nm at 10.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 953 tons (100% coal)
Complement: 323 - 421
Cost: £0.432 million / $1.728 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 122 tons, 2.2 % Armour: 1,201 tons, 21.4 % - Belts: 425 tons, 7.6 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 % - Armament: 182 tons, 3.2 % - Armour Deck: 567 tons, 10.1 % - Conning Tower: 27 tons, 0.5 % Machinery: 1,135 tons, 20.2 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,425 tons, 43.2 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 726 tons, 12.9 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 9,648 lbs / 4,376 Kg = 89.3 x 6.0 " / 152 mm shells or 1.5 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.11 Metacentric height 2.0 ft / 0.6 m Roll period: 14.1 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 78 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 0.80 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.568 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.38 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 21.21 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 53 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 39 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 23.30 degrees Stern overhang: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Forecastle (20 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Mid (50 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Stern: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Average freeboard: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 86.4 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 210.7 % Waterplane Area: 15,331 Square feet or 1,424 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 126 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 77 lbs/sq ft or 377 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.86 - Longitudinal: 4.09 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Ship has slow, easy roll, a good, steady gun platform Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 12, 2020 22:51:36 GMT -6
The Director of Naval Construction, at the request of force commanders and the first Sealord had requested a design change, to include 7.2 inch guns instead of 6 inch guns and deck mounted single torpedo tubes.
Request Completed. However, it is wet forward so the width may have to be changed and the we will lose speed. We are investigating this.
HMS Walney- Update, Great Britain Light Cruiser laid down 1911
Displacement: 5,386 t light; 5,646 t standard; 6,211 t normal; 6,663 t full load
Dimensions: Length overall / water x beam x draught 483.33 ft / 450.00 ft x 48.00 ft x 16.00 ft (normal load) 147.32 m / 137.16 m x 14.63 m x 4.88 m
Armament: 8 - 7.20" / 183 mm guns in single mounts, 186.62lbs / 84.65kg shells, 1911 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on centreline ends, evenly spread Main guns limited to end-on fire 8 - 3.00" / 76.2 mm guns in single mounts, 13.50lbs / 6.12kg shells, 1911 Model Breech loading guns in Coles/Ericsson turrets on side, evenly spread Weight of broadside 1,601 lbs / 726 kg Shells per gun, main battery: 150 2 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm above water torpedoes, 2 - 21.0" / 533.4 mm submerged torpedo tubes
Armour: - Belts: Width (max) Length (avg) Height (avg) Main: 2.00" / 51 mm 292.50 ft / 89.15 m 8.31 ft / 2.53 m Ends: 0.50" / 13 mm 157.48 ft / 48.00 m 8.31 ft / 2.53 m Upper: 2.00" / 51 mm 292.50 ft / 89.15 m 8.00 ft / 2.44 m Main Belt covers 100 % of normal length
- Gun armour: Face (max) Other gunhouse (avg) Barbette/hoist (max) Main: 1.00" / 25 mm - - 2nd: 0.50" / 13 mm - -
- Armour deck: 2.00" / 51 mm, Conning tower: 4.00" / 102 mm
Machinery: Coal fired boilers, steam turbines, Direct drive, 4 shafts, 27,772 shp / 20,718 Kw = 25.00 kts Range 6,400nm at 10.00 kts Bunker at max displacement = 1,016 tons (100% coal)
Complement: 349 - 454
Cost: £0.530 million / $2.121 million
Distribution of weights at normal displacement: Armament: 200 tons, 3.2 % Armour: 1,273 tons, 20.5 % - Belts: 425 tons, 6.8 % - Torpedo bulkhead: 0 tons, 0.0 % - Armament: 218 tons, 3.5 % - Armour Deck: 601 tons, 9.7 % - Conning Tower: 29 tons, 0.5 % Machinery: 1,240 tons, 20.0 % Hull, fittings & equipment: 2,673 tons, 43.0 % Fuel, ammunition & stores: 825 tons, 13.3 % Miscellaneous weights: 0 tons, 0.0 %
Overall survivability and seakeeping ability: Survivability (Non-critical penetrating hits needed to sink ship): 9,661 lbs / 4,382 Kg = 51.8 x 7.2 " / 183 mm shells or 1.3 torpedoes Stability (Unstable if below 1.00): 1.13 Metacentric height 2.1 ft / 0.6 m Roll period: 13.9 seconds Steadiness - As gun platform (Average = 50 %): 68 % - Recoil effect (Restricted arc if above 1.00): 1.16 Seaboat quality (Average = 1.00): 2.00
Hull form characteristics: Hull has a flush deck Block coefficient: 0.629 Length to Beam Ratio: 9.38 : 1 'Natural speed' for length: 21.21 kts Power going to wave formation at top speed: 54 % Trim (Max stability = 0, Max steadiness = 100): 34 Bow angle (Positive = bow angles forward): 23.30 degrees Stern overhang: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m Freeboard (% = measuring location as a percentage of overall length): - Stem: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Forecastle (20 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Mid (50 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Quarterdeck (15 %): 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Stern: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m - Average freeboard: 23.30 ft / 7.10 m Ship tends to be wet forward
Ship space, strength and comments: Space - Hull below water (magazines/engines, low = better): 93.8 % - Above water (accommodation/working, high = better): 193.2 % Waterplane Area: 16,230 Square feet or 1,508 Square metres Displacement factor (Displacement / loading): 116 % Structure weight / hull surface area: 82 lbs/sq ft or 403 Kg/sq metre Hull strength (Relative): - Cross-sectional: 0.86 - Longitudinal: 3.96 - Overall: 1.00 Hull space for machinery, storage, compartmentation is adequate Room for accommodation and workspaces is excellent Excellent seaboat, comfortable, can fire her guns in the heaviest weather
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Post by oldpop2000 on Mar 12, 2020 23:23:29 GMT -6
My design team and I have solved the wet forward problem. We increased the freeboard to 25 ft. DNC has approved the design. Now its time for Fisher, Yuch.
Admiral Tyrwhitt, future commander of the Harwich Force responsible for the protection of approaches to the English Channel has asked us to check the possibility of a larger light cruiser since he will have to deal with German Naval Forces attempting attack trade routes down the channel. We will be reviewing German ships and attempting to determine possible requirements based on the Town Class light cruisers.
All in a days work, I guess.
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